raidtools

2006-09-03
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Linux > Software >
The Chain of Trust >

Linux software raid.

Deprecated. As I understand, mdadm is what’s used these days.

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2006-09-03 – (version not recorded) ∞

So I got raidtools working again. It gave me flashbacks from my experimentation with it back in its alpha days, when I was using Slackware.

As it turns out, my backup script is adaptable to these drives, except that it’s not smart enough to fsck the source drives.

With PCLinuxOS .92, I installed this with:

\apt-get  install  raidtools

Creating a RAID-1 array (mirroring):

First, set up /dev/raidtab like so:

raiddev /dev/md0
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc1
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd1
       raid-disk       1

Then run mdadm:

mdadm --create /dev/md0 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
Spoiler 
raidstop /dev/md0
raidstart /dev/md0
mkdir mnt

# Creating a file on the array:
mount /dev/md0 mnt
echo test>mnt/test_file
umount mnt
raidstop /dev/md0

# Proof that the file exists on the first drive:
mount /dev/sdc1 mnt
ls mnt
umount mnt

# Proof that the file was also mirrored over to the other drive:
mount /dev/sdd1 mnt
ls mnt
umount mnt

# Cleaning up
raidstart /dev/md0
mount /dev/md0 mnt
rm -f mnt/test_file
umount mnt
raidstop /dev/md0

My setup ∞

raidtab ∞

/dev/raidtab

Spoiler 
raiddev /dev/md1
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc1
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd1
       raid-disk       1

raiddev /dev/md2
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc2
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd2
       raid-disk       1

raiddev /dev/md3
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc3
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd3
       raid-disk       1

raiddev /dev/md5
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc5
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd5
       raid-disk       1

raiddev /dev/md6
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc6
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd6
       raid-disk       1

raiddev /dev/md7
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc7
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd7
       raid-disk       1

raiddev /dev/md8
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc8
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd8
       raid-disk       1

raiddev /dev/md9
       raid-level      0
       nr-raid-disks   2
       persistent-superblock 1
       chunk-size     4
       device          /dev/sdc9
       raid-disk       0
       device          /dev/sdd9
       raid-disk       1

fstab ∞

(fstab)

fstab with raidtools ∞

Spoiler
This includes settings for raidtools. 
# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see 'man fstab-sync' for details
## Livecd-install Automatically added by livecd-install

none	/proc	proc	defaults	0 0
none	/dev/pts	devpts	mode=0620	0 0
none	/proc/bus/usb	usbfs	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hda1, size=16002, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
#/dev/hda1	swap	swap	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hda2, size=1959930, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
#/dev/hda2	swap	swap	defaults	0 0
# could be:
#/dev/hda2	swap	swap	sw	0 0

# /dev/hda3, size=19535040, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (primary)
#/dev/hda3	/	ext3	defaults	0 0
/dev/hda3	/	ext3	errors=remount-ro,noatime	0 1

# /dev/hda5, size=19534977, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda5	/home	ext3	defaults	0 2
#/dev/hda5	/home	ext3	rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,noatime	0 2

# /dev/hda6, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda6	/var	ext3	defaults	0 2
/dev/hda6	/var	ext3	nosuid,noexec,noatime	0 2

# /dev/hda7, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda7	/tmp	ext3	defaults	0 3
/dev/hda7	/tmp	ext3	rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,noatime	0 3

# /dev/hda8, size=439538337, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda8       /mnt/hda8       ext3    user,exec,rw,noauto     0 5
/dev/hda8	/mnt/hda8	ext3	rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,noatime	0 5




# /dev/hdb1, size=16002, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
/dev/hdb1	swap	swap	defaults	0 0
/dev/md1	swap	swap	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hdb2, size=1959930, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
/dev/hdb2	swap	swap	defaults	0 0
/dev/md2	swap	swap	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hdb3, size=19535040, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (primary)
/dev/hdb3	/mnt/hdb3	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0
/dev/md3	/mnt/md3	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb5, size=19534977, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb5	/mnt/hdb5	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0
/dev/md5	/mnt/md5	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb6, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb6	/mnt/hdb6	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0
/dev/md6	/mnt/md6	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb7, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb7	/mnt/hdb7	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0
/dev/md7	/mnt/md7	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb8, size=439538337, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb8	/mnt/hdb8	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0
/dev/md8	/mnt/md8	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

/dev/md9	/mnt/md9	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0



# cdrom: LITE-ON LTR-52246S
/dev/hdc	/mnt/cdrom	auto	user,exec,ro,noauto,iocharset=iso8859-1,codepage=850,umask=0	0 0

# cdrom: HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8163B
/dev/hdd	/mnt/cdrom2	auto	user,exec,ro,noauto,iocharset=iso8859-1,codepage=850,umask=0	0 0

/dev/fstab

Spoiler 
mknod /dev/md1 b 9 1
mknod /dev/md2 b 9 2
mknod /dev/md3 b 9 3
mknod /dev/md5 b 9 5
mknod /dev/md6 b 9 6
mknod /dev/md7 b 9 7
mknod /dev/md8 b 9 8
mknod /dev/md9 b 9 9

mkraid /dev/md1
mkraid /dev/md2
mkraid /dev/md3
mkraid /dev/md5
mkraid /dev/md6
mkraid /dev/md7
mkraid /dev/md8
mkraid /dev/md9

reboot
mdadm --create /dev/md1 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc1 /dev/sdd1
mdadm --create /dev/md2 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
mdadm --create /dev/md3 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc3 /dev/sdd3
mdadm --create /dev/md5 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc5 /dev/sdd5
mdadm --create /dev/md6 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc6 /dev/sdd6
mdadm --create /dev/md7 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc7 /dev/sdd7
mdadm --create /dev/md8 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc8 /dev/sdd8
mdadm --create /dev/md9 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc9 /dev/sdd9

fstab without raidtools ∞

here for reference

Spoiler 
# This file is edited by fstab-sync - see 'man fstab-sync' for details
## Livecd-install Automatically added by livecd-install

none	/proc	proc	defaults	0 0
none	/dev/pts	devpts	mode=0620	0 0
none	/proc/bus/usb	usbfs	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hda1, size=16002, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
#/dev/hda1	swap	swap	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hda2, size=1959930, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
#/dev/hda2	swap	swap	defaults	0 0
# could be:
#/dev/hda2	swap	swap	sw	0 0

# /dev/hda3, size=19535040, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (primary)
#/dev/hda3	/	ext3	defaults	0 0
/dev/hda3	/	ext3	errors=remount-ro,noatime	0 1

# /dev/hda5, size=19534977, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda5	/home	ext3	defaults	0 2
/dev/hda5	/home	ext3	rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,noatime	0 2

# /dev/hda6, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda6	/var	ext3	defaults	0 2
/dev/hda6	/var	ext3	nosuid,noexec,noatime	0 2

# /dev/hda7, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda7	/tmp	ext3	defaults	0 3
/dev/hda7	/tmp	ext3	rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,noatime	0 3

# /dev/hda8, size=439538337, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
#/dev/hda8       /mnt/hda8       ext3    user,exec,rw,noauto     0 5
/dev/hda8	/mnt/hda8	ext3	rw,suid,dev,exec,auto,nouser,async,noatime	0 5




# /dev/hdb1, size=16002, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
/dev/hdb1	swap	swap	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hdb2, size=1959930, type=130: Linux swap (primary)
/dev/hdb2	swap	swap	defaults	0 0

# /dev/hdb3, size=19535040, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (primary)
/dev/hdb3	/mnt/hdb3	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb5, size=19534977, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb5	/mnt/hdb5	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb6, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb6	/mnt/hdb6	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb7, size=3903732, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb7	/mnt/hdb7	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0

# /dev/hdb8, size=439538337, type=131: Journalised FS: ext3 (extended)
/dev/hdb8	/mnt/hdb8	ext3	user,exec,rw,noauto	0 0



# cdrom: LITE-ON LTR-52246S
/dev/hdc	/mnt/cdrom	auto	user,exec,ro,noauto,iocharset=iso8859-1,codepage=850,umask=0	0 0

# cdrom: HL-DT-STDVD-ROM GDR8163B
/dev/hdd	/mnt/cdrom2	auto	user,exec,ro,noauto,iocharset=iso8859-1,codepage=850,umask=0	0 0

raidtools troubleshooting ∞

mdadm: SET_ARRAY_INFO failed for /dev/md0: Invalid argument ∞

Example:

mdadm --create /dev/md2 --level=1 --raid-devices=2 /dev/sdc2 /dev/sdd2
mdadm: /dev/sdc2 appears to be part of a raid array:
    level=1 devices=2 ctime=Sun Sep  3 20:24:44 2006
mdadm: /dev/sdd2 appears to be part of a raid array:
    level=1 devices=2 ctime=Sun Sep  3 20:24:44 2006
Continue creating array? y
mdadm: SET_ARRAY_INFO failed for /dev/md2: Invalid argument

Solutions:

  1. You’ve probably already run this command.

  2. Maybe you just ran mknod and you still need to reboot.

/dev/md0: Invalid argument ∞

Example:

raidstart --all
/dev/md0: Invalid argument

Solution:

Something which participates in /dev/md0 might already be mounted in the traditional way. Unmount the device and then you can raidstart the md device.

fsck gives: Either the superblock or the partition table is likely to be corrupt! ∞

(fsck[doesn’t exist])

fsck /dev/md0
fsck 1.39 (29-May-2006)
e2fsck 1.39 (29-May-2006)
The filesystem size (according to the superblock) is 17101184 blocks
The physical size of the device is 17101168 blocks
Either the superblock or the partition table is likely to be corrupt!
Abort<y>?

Don’t fsck an md device. Use it on the original source drives which combine into the md device.

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